What is the main purpose of traction systems in railway applications?

The main purpose of traction systems in railway applications is to provide the necessary force to move trains along the tracks. Traction systems are integral to the operation of trains as they convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to power the train's movement. This is achieved through traction motors that drive the wheels, ensuring trains can accelerate and maintain speed on various gradients and track conditions.

While monitoring train speed and braking is important for safe operation, it does not encapsulate the primary function of a traction system, which focuses on the propulsion of the train. Assisting in the maintenance of railway infrastructure is also crucial for overall safety and reliability but is not a role of traction systems themselves. Enhancing passenger comfort and safety is a vital aspect of railway operations but is generally addressed through design, engineering, and service quality rather than the function of the traction systems, which are specifically focused on movement.